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2025-01-01
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- IOC - Artigos de Periódicos [12491]
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EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE B AND F INFECTIONS IN BRAZIL
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Objective: To reconstruct the onset date of the HIV-1 B and F epidemics in Brazil based on virus diversification over time. Design: We studied HIV-1 env V3 sequences (210nt) with a known sampling year isolated from HIV-1 positive patients from Brazil between 1989 and 1997: 101 subtype B sequences and 41 subtype F sequences. Methods: HIV-1 V3 env sequences were grouped by year of collection and the relationship between the sampling years of HIV-1 sequences and their genetic distance to the reconstructed common ancestor (intra-population divergence) or to other sequences from the same year (intra-population diversity) was examined by using linear regression analysis. Results: Regression analysis of nucleotide distances, revealed a highly significant positive correlation between sampling years of subtype B and F V3 sequences and their intra-population divergence (P < 0.001) or diversity (P < 0.0001). In both subtype populations, the divergence and diversity increased at a rate of 0.5 and 0.9% per year, respectively. Considering these evolutionary rates, we estimate the onset of the subtype B and F HIV-1 epidemics in Brazil during early 1970s and early 1980s, respectively. Conclusions: The consistent correlation between divergence and diversity of the V3 sequences with their sampling years indicates that the molecular clock is operational in the evolution of the HIV-1 in Brazil’s epidemic, and show that subtypes B and F are evolving at a similar rate over time. The dating results suggest a discontinuous introduction of these subtypes in the Brazilian population.
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