Author | Costa, Federico | |
Author | Wunder Junior, Elsio Augusto | |
Author | Oliveira, Daiana de | |
Author | Bisht, Vimla | |
Author | Rodrigues, Gorete | |
Author | Reis, Mitermayer Galvão dos | |
Author | Ko, Albert Icksang | |
Author | Begon, Mike | |
Author | Childs, James E | |
Access date | 2015-07-08T17:56:52Z | |
Available date | 2015-07-08T17:56:52Z | |
Document date | 2015 | |
Citation | COSTA, F. et al. Patterns in Leptospira Shedding in Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Brazilian Slum Communities at High Risk of Disease Transmission. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 9, n. 6, p.e0003819, 2015 | pt_BR |
ISSN | 1935-2735 | |
ISSN | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003819 | |
URI | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/11174 | |
Language | eng | pt_BR |
Publisher | Public Library of Science | pt_BR |
Rights | open access | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Leptospirose | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Leptospira | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Infecção | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Humanos | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Transmissão | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Rattus norvegicus | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Ratos | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Animal | pt_BR |
Title | Patterns in Leptospira Shedding in Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Brazilian Slum Communities at High Risk of Disease Transmission. | pt_BR |
Type | Article | pt_BR |
Abstract | BACKGROUND: We address some critical but unknown parameters of individuals and populations of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) that influence leptospiral infection, maintenance and spirochetal loads shed in urine, which contaminates the environment ultimately leading to human infection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our study, conducted in Salvador, Brazil, established the average load of leptospires in positive kidneys to be 5.9 x 106 per mL (range 3.1-8.2 x106) genome equivalents (GEq), similar to the 6.1 x 106 per ml (range 2.2-9.4 x106) average obtained from paired urines, with a significant positive correlation (R2=0.78) between the two. Based on bivariate and multivariate modeling, we found with both kidney and urine samples that leptospiral loads increased with the age of rats (based on the index of body length to mass), MAT titer and the presence of wounding/scars, and varied with site of capture. Some associations were modified by sex but trends were apparent. Combining with data on the demographic properties and prevalence of leptospiral carriage in rat populations in Salvador, we estimated that daily leptospiral loads shed in the urine of a population of 82 individuals exceeded 9.1 x 1010 leptospires. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These factors directly influence the risk of leptospiral acquisition among humans and provide essential epidemiological information linking properties of rat populations with risk of human infection. | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA / University of Liverpool. Institute of Integrative Biology. United Kingdom | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Centro de Controle do Zoonoses. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA | pt_BR |
Affilliation | University of Liverpool. Institute of Integrative Biology. United Kingdom | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Yale School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases. New Haven, Connecticut, USA | pt_BR |