The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a liver inflammation due to a viral infection, distributed in virtually every country in the world. Waste collectors are especially vulnerable to this infection because of the high frequency of needlestick accidents. This study aims to verify the immunization status against HBV of waste collectors, including domestic and healthcare waste workers, in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). Blood samples were collected from 522 workers, 61 exposed to healthcare waste and 461 to domestic waste, between November 2014 and January 2015. All samples were tested (ELISA) for Anti-HBs, to identify immunity against HBV. Four hundred (86.8%) workers (340 exposed to domestic waste and 60 to healthcare waste) reported being previously vaccinated against hepatitis B. However, Anti-HBs serology showed that only 252 (54.7%) workers (207 exposed to domestic waste and 45 to healthcare waste) were effectively immunized. In particular, 153 (33.2%) exposed to domestic wastes reported needlestick accident during work, versus 16 (26.2%) of those exposed to healthcare waste. Adequate HBV immunization is critical to prevent hepatitis B. Thus, access to vaccination with a complete three-dose schedule and serology confirmation is a right for these workers and should be implemented worldwide.