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CYSTEINE PROTEASES DURING LARVAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HELMINTHS IN THEIR FINAL HOST
Author
Affilliation
New York University. Center for Genomics and Systems Biology. Department of Biology. New York, NY, USA.
University of California San Diego. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases. La Jolla, CA, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Toxinologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Estudos Integrados em Protozoologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Queen’s University Belfast. Medical Biology Centre. School of Biological Sciences. Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom / University of Michigan. School of Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunology. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Queen’s University Belfast. Medical Biology Centre. School of Biological Sciences. Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute. New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
University of California San Diego. Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases. La Jolla, CA, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Toxinologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Estudos Integrados em Protozoologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Queen’s University Belfast. Medical Biology Centre. School of Biological Sciences. Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom / University of Michigan. School of Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunology. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Queen’s University Belfast. Medical Biology Centre. School of Biological Sciences. Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute. New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases caused by metazoan parasites are major public health concerns, and therefore, new methods for their control and elimination are needed. Research over the last 25 years has revealed the vital contribution of cysteine proteases to invasion of and migration by (larval) helminth parasites through host tissues, in addition to their roles in embryogenesis, molting, egg hatching, and yolk degradation. Their central function to maintaining parasite survival in the host has made them prime intervention targets for novel drugs and vaccines. This review focuses on those helminth cysteine proteases that have been functionally characterized during the varied early stages of development in the human host and embryogenesis.
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