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SALO, A NOVEL CLASSICAL PATHWAY COMPLEMENT INHIBITOR FROM SALIVA OF THE SAND FLY LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS
Autor
Ferreira, Viviane P.
Vale, Vladimir Fazito
Pangburn, Michael K.
Abdeladhim, Maha
Sousa, Antonio Ferreira Mendes
Abreu, Iliano V. Coutinho
Rasouli, Manoochehr
Brandt, Elizabeth A.
Meneses, Claudio
Lima, Kolyvan Ferreira
Araujo, Ricardo Nascimento
Pereira, Marcos Horácio
Kotsyfakis, Michalis
Oliveira, Fabiano
Kamhawi, Shaden
Ribeiro, José M. C.
Gontijo, Neider F.
Collin, Nicolas
Valenzuela, Jesus G.
Vale, Vladimir Fazito
Pangburn, Michael K.
Abdeladhim, Maha
Sousa, Antonio Ferreira Mendes
Abreu, Iliano V. Coutinho
Rasouli, Manoochehr
Brandt, Elizabeth A.
Meneses, Claudio
Lima, Kolyvan Ferreira
Araujo, Ricardo Nascimento
Pereira, Marcos Horácio
Kotsyfakis, Michalis
Oliveira, Fabiano
Kamhawi, Shaden
Ribeiro, José M. C.
Gontijo, Neider F.
Collin, Nicolas
Valenzuela, Jesus G.
Afiliación
University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler. Tyler, TX, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Budweis,CZ-370 05, Czech Republic.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA / University of Lausanne. Department of Biochemistry. Vaccine Formulation Laboratory. Switzerland.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler. Tyler, TX, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Parasitologia. Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Budweis,CZ-370 05, Czech Republic.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA / University of Lausanne. Department of Biochemistry. Vaccine Formulation Laboratory. Switzerland.
National Institute of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. LMVR. Vector Molecular Biology Section. Rockville, MD, USA.
Resumen en ingles
Blood-feeding insects inject potent salivary components including complement inhibitors into their
host’s skin to acquire a blood meal. Sand fly saliva was shown to inhibit the classical pathway of
complement; however, the molecular identity of the inhibitor remains unknown. Here, we identified
SALO as the classical pathway complement inhibitor. SALO, an 11kDa protein, has no homology to
proteins of any other organism apart from New World sand flies. rSALO anti-complement activity
has the same chromatographic properties as the Lu. longipalpis salivary gland homogenate (SGH)
counterparts and anti-rSALO antibodies blocked the classical pathway complement activity of rSALO
and SGH. Both rSALO and SGH inhibited C4b deposition and cleavage of C4. rSALO, however, did not
inhibit the protease activity of C1s nor the enzymatic activity of factor Xa, uPA, thrombin, kallikrein,
trypsin and plasmin. Importantly, rSALO did not inhibit the alternative or the lectin pathway of
complement. In conclusion our data shows that SALO is a specific classical pathway complement
inhibitor present in the saliva of Lu. longipalpis. Importantly, due to its small size and specificity, SALO
may offer a therapeutic alternative for complement classical pathway-mediated pathogenic effects in
human diseases.
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