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HIGH LEVEL OF VECTOR COMPETENCE OF AEDES AEGYPTI AND AEDES ALBOPICTUS FROM TEN AMERICAN COUNTRIES AS A CRUCIAL FACTOR IN THE SPREAD OF CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS
Autor
Afiliación
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France / Université Pierre et Marie Curie. Cellule Pasteur UPMC. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur de la Guyane. Unité d’Entomologie Médicale. Cayenne, French Guiana.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur de la Guyane. Unité d’Entomologie Médicale. Cayenne, French Guiana.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur. Department of Virology, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors. Paris, France / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Resumen en ingles
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes a major public health problem. In 2004, CHIKV began an unprecedented global expansion
and has been responsible for epidemics in Africa, Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean region, and surprisingly, in temperate regions,
such as Europe. Intriguingly, no local transmission of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) had been reported in the Americas
until recently, despite the presence of vectors and annually reported imported cases. Here, we assessed the vector competence of
35 American Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito populations for three CHIKV genotypes. We also compared the number
of viral particles of different CHIKV strains in mosquito saliva at two different times postinfection. Primarily, viral dissemination
rates were high for all mosquito populations irrespective of the tested CHIKV isolate. In contrast, differences in transmission
efficiency (TE) were underlined in populations of both species through the Americas, suggesting the role of salivary glands
in selecting CHIKV for highly efficient transmission. Nonetheless, both mosquito species were capable of transmitting all three
CHIKV genotypes, and TE reached alarming rates as high as 83.3% and 96.7% in A. aegypti and A. albopictus populations, respectively.
A. albopictus better transmitted the epidemic mutant strain CHIKV_0621 of the East-Central-South African (ECSA)
genotype than did A. aegypti, whereas the latter species was more capable of transmitting the original ECSA CHIKV_115 strain
and also the Asian genotype CHIKV_NC. Therefore, a high risk of establishment and spread of CHIKV throughout the tropical,
subtropical, and even temperate regions of the Americas is more real than ever.
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