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ECOTOPE EFFECT IN TRIATOMA BRASILIENSIS (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE) SUGGESTS PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY RATHER THAN ADAPTATION
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Eco-Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is an important vector of
Chagas’ disease in both sylvatic and peridomestic ecotopes. Discriminating between
these populations of Triatominae has been proposed as a means of investigating reinfestation
rates of human dwellings. Geometric morphometrics have been widely
applied in the study of Triatominae polymorphisms at species and population levels.
This study characterizes morphometric differences between sylvatic and peridomestic
populations, as well as between sexes in T. brasiliensis specimens from Jaguaruana,
Cear´a, in northeastern Brazil. No differences in either the shape or size of the
cephalic capsule were apparent between sexes or ecotopes. However, the wings
showed differentiation in shape and size. Sexual dimorphism was detected, with
females presenting significantly higher values and conformations. Size differentiation
was also evident, with sylvatic specimens being generally larger than peridomestic
examples. These results indicate that differences in the wings of T. brasiliensis may
be related to the existence of phenotypic plasticity, and variations in size and shape
may be associated with different ecotopes, possibly as a result of conditions in each
micro-habitat, such as temperature, relative humidity, food supply and density.
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