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CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP OF RESPONSES TO TREATMENT WITH BENZNIDAZOL IN AMAZON: A COHORT STUDY OF ACUTE CHAGAS DISEASE
Author
Affilliation
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Clínica Epidemiológica. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Luis D`Écourt. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Santa Casa Hospital. Belém, Pará, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Luis D`Écourt. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Santa Casa Hospital. Belém, Pará, Brasil.
Abstract
A total of 179 individuals with acute Chagas disease mainly transmitted by oral source, from Para´ and Amapa´ State,
Amazonian, Brazil were included during the period from 1988 to 2005. Blood samples were used to survey peripheral blood
for T. cruzi hemoparasites by quantitative buffy coat (QBC), indirect xenodiagnosis, blood culture and serology to detection
of total IgM and anti-T. cruzi IgG antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and indirect hemagglutination assay
(HA). All assays were performed pre-treatment (0 days) and repeated 35 (67) and 68 (66) days after the initiation of
treatment with benznidazol and every 6 months while remained seropositive. The endpoint of collection was performed in
2005. Total medium period of follow-up per person was 5.6 years. Also, a blood sample was collected from 72 randomly
chosen treated patients to perform polimerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Proportions of subjects with negative or
positive serology according to the number of years after treatment were compared. In the endpoint of follow-up we found
47 patients (26.7%) serologically negative, therefore considered cured and 5 (2.7%) exhibited mild cardiac Chagas disease.
Other 132 patients had persistent positive serologic tests. The PCR carried out in 72 individuals was positive in 9.8%. Added,
there was evidence of therapeutic failure immediately following treatment, as demonstrated by xenodiagnosis and blood
culture methods in 2.3% and 3.5% of cases, respectively. There was a strong evidence of antibody clearing in the fourth year
after treatment and continuous decrease of antibody titers. Authors suggest that control programs should apply
operational researches with new drug interventions four years after the acute phase for those treated patients with
persistently positive serology.
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