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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE DPP®CVL RAPID TEST FOR CANINE SERODIAGNOSIS IN AREA OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS
Serological diagnosis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)
Indirect fluorescence test (IFA)
DPP®CVL rapid test
Cross-reactivity
Author
Affilliation
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
UNESP. Escola de Veterinária. Departamento de Clínicas. Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Rio Claro, SP, Brasil.
UNESP. Escola de Veterinária. Departamento de Clínicas. Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Medicina. Laboratório de Patologia de Doenças Infecciosas. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Abstract
tWe investigated the performance of the DPP®canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) rapidtest, a novel immunochromatographic assay launched by BioManguinhos (Brazil), whichwas recently included in the new Brazilian protocol for screening CVL in serological surveys.The present study compared the DPP®with the ELISA and IFA produced by BioManguinhos(Brazil) both with L. major-like antigens and with in-house tests using Leishmania infantumchagasi (in-house ELISA and in-house IFA). We analyzed the sera from clinically symp-tomatic (n = 47) and asymptomatic (n = 38) infected dogs from an endemic area of CVL, aswell as from healthy (n = 18) dogs, in addition to the sera of dogs (n = 81) infected withother pathogens. The DPP®and the in-house ELISA showed a sensitivity of 90.6% and 94.1%,respectively, and specificity of 95.1% and 97.5%, respectively, and both presented cross-reactivity only with the sera of dogs with babesiosis, 44% for the DPP®and 22% for thein-house ELISA. The clinical groups were detected equally by the two assays. The ELISABioManguinhos, IFA BioManguinhos, and in house-IFA showed a good sensitivity, 90.6%,96.5% and 89.4%, respectively, but very low specificity, 77.8%, 69.1% and 65.8%, respec-tively, due to the high cross-reactivity with the sera from the animals harboring otherpathogens. The in-house ELISA provided the highest accuracy (95.8%), followed by theDPP®(92.7%), ELISA BioManguinhos (84.3%), IFA BioManguinhos (83.1%), and in-house IFA(78.0%). The simultaneous use of the DPP®and ELISA BioManguinhos reached a sensitiv-ity of 99.1% and 82.1% when used sequentially. In conclusion, the DPP®performed well asserological test for CVL, and detected both asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs in equalproportions. Although its sensitivity is not ideal yet, discarding the IFA and including theDPP®improved the accuracy of the new Brazilian CVL diagnostic protocol, particularly ofdetecting truly infected dogs. Moreover, considering the higher specificity of DPP®(95.1%vs 77.8%), positive predictive value (95.1% vs 81.1%) and positive likelihood value (18.3% vs4.1%) in comparison with the ELISA BioManguinhos, the use of DPP®as a confirmatory testinstead of a screening test is suggested.
Keywords
Canine leishmaniasisSerological diagnosis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)
Indirect fluorescence test (IFA)
DPP®CVL rapid test
Cross-reactivity
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