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PUTATIVE ROLES OF PURINERGIC SIGNALING IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-1 INFECTION
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Comunicação Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Comunicação Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Comunicação Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal Fluminense. Centro para Bioprodutos. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Comunicação Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Comunicação Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal Fluminense. Centro para Bioprodutos. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Nucleotides and nucleosides act as potent extracellular messengers via the activation of the family of cell-surface
receptors termed purinergic receptors. These receptors are categorized into P1 and P2 receptors (P2Rs). P2Rs are
further classified into two distinct families, P2X receptors (P2XRs) and P2Y receptors (P2YRs). These receptors
display broad tissue distribution throughout the body and are involved in several biological events. Immune
cells express various P2Rs, and purinergic signaling mechanisms have been shown to play key roles in the regulation of
many aspects of immune responses. Researchers have elucidated the involvement of these receptors in the host response
to infections. The evidences indicate a dual function of these receptors, depending on the microorganism and the cellular
model involved. Three recent reports have examined the relationship between the level of extracellular ATP, the
mechanisms underlying purinergic receptors participating in the infection mechanism of HIV-1 in the cell. Although
preliminary, these results indicate that purinergic receptors are putative pharmacological targets that should be further
explored in future studies.
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