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2099-12-31
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ZOONOTIC BRAZILIAN VACCINIA VIRUS: FROM FIELD TO THERAPY
Vaccinia virus (VACV)
Bovine vaccinia (BV)
Antiviral drugs
Zoonosis
Occupational disease
Author
Affilliation
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Abstract
Vaccinia virus (VACV), the prototype species of the Orthopoxvirus (OPV) genus, causes an occupational zoonotic disease in Brazil that is primarily associated with the handling of infected dairy cattle. Cattle and human outbreaks have been described in southeastern Brazil since 1999 and have now occurred in almost half of the territory. Phylogenetic studies have shown high levels of polymorphisms among isolated VACVs, which indicate the existence of at least two genetically divergent clades; this has also been proven in virulence assays in a mouse model system. In humans, VACV infection is characterized by skin lesions, primarily on the hands, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, myalgia, headache. and lymphadenopathy. In this review, we will discuss the virological, epidemiological, ecological and clinical aspects of VACV infection, its diagnosis and compounds that potentially could be used for the treatment of severe cases.
Keywords
OrthopoxvirusVaccinia virus (VACV)
Bovine vaccinia (BV)
Antiviral drugs
Zoonosis
Occupational disease
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