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EDITORIAL: SAND FLIES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH LEISHMANIA AND OTHER PATHOGENS
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, IL, USA.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University. Prague, Czechia.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, IL, USA.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University. Prague, Czechia.
Abstract
Phlebotomine sand flies are best known as vectors of Leishmania parasites that cause leishmaniasis
but can transmit bacteria and viruses. Leishmaniasis, a multi-spectrum disease, is a serious health
threat to millions of people throughout the world, with 700,000 to 1 million cases occurring yearly
(1). Among the different clinical manifestations, visceral leishmaniasis is deadly if left untreated. On
the other hand, cutaneous and mucocutaneous manifestations, which generally are not fatal, can
lead to lifelong scars, disability, and stigma.
Worldwide, many laboratories are actively working on leishmaniasis. Searching PubMed using
“leishmaniasis” as keyword brings out approximately 30,000 papers, whereas if one uses “sand fly”
approximately 6,000 publications are found. Most of these studies have focused on areas such as
taxonomy, epidemiology, and biology. Significantly fewer hits are generated if using combinations
such as “vector interaction with Leishmania” (300 hits), “sand fly-pathogen” (122 hits), or even
“sand fly-virus” (23 hits). The reduced number of publications covering the sand fly interaction with
pathogens led us to propose this Research Topic. We were fortunate to have contributions covering
a variety of subjects within the Topic proposed........
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