Author | Maciel, Elves Anderson Pires | |
Author | Carvalho, Ana Luiza F. de | |
Author | Nascimento, Simone F | |
Author | Matos, Rosan B. de | |
Author | Gouveia, Edilane Lins | |
Author | Reis, Mitermayer Galvão dos | |
Author | Ko, Albert Icksang | |
Access date | 2011-08-08T18:20:15Z | |
Available date | 2011-08-08T18:20:15Z | |
Document date | 2008 | |
Citation | MACIEL, E. A. P. et al. Household Transmission of Leptospira Infection in Urban Slum Communities. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v.2, n.1, p.1-6, 2008. | pt_BR |
ISSN | 1935-2727 | |
URI | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2789 | |
Description | Gostaríamos de agradecer à equipe do Hospital Couto Maia e o Secretário de Saúde de Salvador e do Estado da Bahia por sua
assistência na condução do estudo; Amaro Silva por sua ajuda na localização do caso
nas residências e também a todos os membros da comunidade em Salvador que participaram do estudo. | pt_BR |
Sponsorship | Trabalho financiado pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPQ e Institutos Nacionais de Saúde. | pt_BR |
Language | eng | pt_BR |
Publisher | Public Library of Science | pt_BR |
Rights | open access | |
Subject in Portuguese | Leptospirose | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Infecção | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Comunidades urbanas degradadas | pt_BR |
Subject in Portuguese | Transmissão Domiciliar | pt_BR |
Title | Household transmission of leptospira infection in urban slum communities | pt_BR |
Type | Article | pt_BR |
Abstract | Leptospirosis, a spirochaetal zoonotic disease, is the cause of epidemics associated with high mortality in urban slum communities. Infection with pathogenic Leptospira occurs during environmental exposures and is traditionally associated with occupational risk activities. However, slum inhabitants reside in close proximity to environmental sources of contamination, suggesting that transmission during urban epidemics occurs in the household environment.A survey was performed to determine whether Leptospira infection clustered within households located in slum communities in the city of Salvador, Brazil. Hospital-based surveillance identified 89 confirmed cases of leptospirosis during an outbreak. Serum samples were obtained from members of 22 households with index cases of leptospirosis and 52 control households located in the same slum communities. The presence of anti-Leptospira agglutinating antibodies was used as a marker for previous infection. In households with index cases, 22 (30%) of 74 members had anti-Leptospira antibodies, whereas 16 (8%) of 195 members from control households had anti-Leptospira antibodies. Highest titres were directed against L. interrogans serovars of the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup in 95% and 100% of the subjects with agglutinating antibodies from case and control households, respectively. Residence in a household with an index case of leptospirosis was associated with increased risk (OR 5.29, 95% CI 2.13-13.12) of having had a Leptospira infection. Increased infection risk was found for all age groups who resided in a household with an index case, including children <15 years of age (P = 0.008).This study identified significant household clustering of Leptospira infection in slum communities where recurrent epidemics of leptospirosis occur. The findings support the hypothesis that the household environment is an important transmission determinant in the urban slum setting. Prevention therefore needs to target sources of contamination and risk activities which occur in the places where slum inhabitants reside. | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Secretaria de Estado da Saúde da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil | pt_BR |
Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Cornell University. Weill Medical College. Division of International Medicine and Infectious Disease. New York, NY, USA | pt_BR |
Subject | Leptospirosis | pt_BR |
Subject | Infection | pt_BR |
Subject | Urban Slum Communities | pt_BR |
Subject | Household Transmission | pt_BR |
DeCS | Adolescente | pt_BR |
DeCS | Adulto | pt_BR |
DeCS | Distribuição por Idade | pt_BR |
DeCS | Anticorpos Antibacterianos | pt_BR |
DeCS | Brasil | pt_BR |
DeCS | Criança | pt_BR |
DeCS | Pré-Escolar | pt_BR |
DeCS | Feminino | pt_BR |
DeCS | Humanos | pt_BR |
DeCS | Leptospira | pt_BR |
DeCS | Leptospirose | pt_BR |
DeCS | Masculino | pt_BR |
DeCS | Meia-Idade | pt_BR |
DeCS | Áreas de Pobreza | pt_BR |
DeCS | Distribuição Espacial da População | pt_BR |
DeCS | Adulto Jovem | pt_BR |