Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/15876
PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE AND PARASITE DISSEMINATION IN CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS
Leishmaniose Visceral Canina
Macrófagos
Baço
Disseminação do parasita
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil
UFMS. Departamento da Morfofisiologia. Mato Grosso do Sul, MG, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil
UFMS. Departamento da Morfofisiologia. Mato Grosso do Sul, MG, Brasil
Abstract
Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is a re-emerging disease caused by L. infantum/L. chagasi. The disease is transmitted by phlebotominae sand flies and dogs are the main urban reservoir of the parasite. In the natural history of L. chagasi infection in dog, named canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), following transmission, the parasites multiply in macrophages in the skin at the site of infection. From this localized cutaneous infection, the parasite can be disseminated via lymphatic or blood vessels, infecting macrophages of other organs such as the bone marrow, lymph node, liver and spleen, as well as the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract of the dog. In these naturally infected dogs, the outcome of CVL can vary considerably and probably correlates with the capacity of local skin cells to control parasite infection. CVL clinical manifestations are associated with distinct patterns of immune responses to Leishmania parasites. After infection, some dogs develop an impaired cell-mediated immune response that permits parasite dissemination and tissue lesion formation (symptomatic dogs), whereas others control parasite proliferation and dissemination to the different tissues (asymptomatic dogs). These infected dogs present positive lymphoproliferative assay in vitro or/and a positive skin test early in infection. However, as the disease progresses in susceptible dogs, these responses diminish. The cellular basis and mechanisms for the development of T-cell unresponsiveness in CVL are not understood fully. In the present review it will be discussed the local immune response in skin, other affected organs, and cellular compartments as well as the possible mechanisms involved in dissemination of the L. chagasi infection in the dog model of VL.
Keywords in Portuguese
Leishmania chagasiLeishmaniose Visceral Canina
Macrófagos
Baço
Disseminação do parasita
Share